在全球气候变暖的背景下，干旱对人类生活影响日趋严重。宁夏处于干旱半干旱地区，生态环境和水资源受到气候条件的影响较大，因此明确宁夏地区干旱时空变化特征，对宁夏地区干旱研究和水资源调控具有重要意义。选取1960-2018年宁夏地区10个国家级气象站点的气象资料，通过使用标准降水指数（SPI），采用干旱频率、干旱强度和气候倾向率等进行分析，结果表明：（1）宁夏地区1960-2018年降雨呈现出逐年减少趋势，而温度呈现出增加趋势；（2）宁夏地区干旱持续时间长且较为频繁，年尺度干旱均呈现出减少趋势，而季节尺度除引黄灌区的夏季、干旱带和南部山区的夏、秋两季以外，其余的皆呈增加趋势。

Against the background of global warming, drought has become increasingly severe in human life. Ningxia is in an arid and semi-arid area, and the ecological environment and water resources are greatly affected by climatic conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the characteristics of the spatial and temporal changes of drought in Ningxia area for drought research and water resources regulation in Ningxia area. The meteorological data from 10 national meteorological stations in Ningxia from 1960 to 2018 are selected and analyzed by using the standard precipitation index (SPI), drought frequency, drought intensity and climate tendency rate, etc.The results showed that: (1) The rainfall in Ningxia from 1960 to 2018 showed a decreasing trend year by year, while the temperature showed an increasing trend; (2 ) The drought lasts longer and more frequently in Ningxia, and the annual scale drought shows a decreasing trend, while the seasonal scale shows an increasing trend except for the summer season in the irrigation area of the Yellow River, the arid zone, and the summer and autumn seasons in the southern mountain area.

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宁夏大学研究生创新项目(GIP2019024),国家自然科学(51869023),宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程学科)资助项目NXYLXK2017A03,宁夏自治区级青年拔尖人才项目(030103030008)