为探究珠海市多水源供水体系下存在的水源水质问题，特别是藻类问题，采用单因子分析法评价了2016－2019年珠海市四座典型水库的数项水质指标，并采用统计学方法分析了水库水中藻类的时空分布特征；采用双变量分析及逐步回归分析的方法研究了10项水质指标与藻类密度间的相关性。基于对水质数据的分析，研究发现，珠海市水源水存在较为突出的高藻密度及高嗅味问题，其中，藻密度从春季开始普遍出现上升，而嗅味物质的含量则秋冬季达到峰值，二者存在较为明显的季节性变化。回归分析的结果表明，影响水库藻密度的主要因素有总氮、高锰酸盐指数和五日生化需氧量；影响嗅味物质产生的主要因素有氨氮、高锰酸盐指数和浊度；控制水库水体的氨氮和有机物含量可以有效减少藻类数量，改善嗅味物质的产生。建立了拟合优度较高的回归模型可以用于初步预测水库水质。通过点、面源污染的控制，调节水库水体流态，结合臭氧活性炭、紫外高级氧化等深度处理技术的应用，可以有效解决珠海市水源水存在的高藻及嗅味问题。

In order to explore the water quality problems of the complex water supply system, especially the algae problems, the single factor analysis method was used to evaluate several water quality indexes of four typical reservoirs in Zhuhai City from 2016 to 2019. And the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of algae in the reservoirs were analyzed by statistical method. The correlation between 10 water quality indexes and algae density was studied by bivariate analysis and stepwise regression analysis. Based on the analysis of water quality data, it was found that there were prominent problems of high algae density and high taste and odor compounds in the drinking water sources of Zhuhai City. The density of algae generally increased from spring, while the content of taste and odor compounds reached the peak in autumn and winter, both showing obvious seasonal variations. The results of regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the algae density in the reservoirs were total nitrogen, permanganate index and five-day biochemical oxygen demand. And ammonia-nitrogen, permanganate index and turbidity were the main factors affecting the production of taste and odor compounds. Controlling the content of ammonia-nitrogen and organic matter in the reservoirs could effectively decrease the density of algae and the production of taste and odor compounds. The regression model with high goodness-fitting degree was established and it can be used to preliminarily predict the water quality of the reservoirs. By controlling point and non-point source pollution, adjusting the flow pattern of reservoir water, and combining with the application of advanced treatment technologies such as ozone-activated carbon process or UV advanced oxidation process, the problems of high algae density and high taste and odor substances in the drinking water sources of Zhuhai city can be effectively solved.

TU991.2

国家科技重大专项（2017ZX07108-002, 2017ZX07502003, 2012ZX07404-002），国家重点研发计划（2019YFC0408700），中国国家自然科学基金（51778323，51761125013）。