本文基于遥感技术提出了利用植被绿化面积、水体面积和景观格局等因素的时空变化对比评价方法，通过对高分遥感影像数据校正、融合、镶嵌和解译，计算植被指数、水体指数和景观格局指数变化，客观反映了生态环境保护修复的时空变化情况，并且成本低，时效性强。基于大运河核心监控区北京段的实验表明：研究区内2015-2017年植被绿化面积减少，水体面积增加；2017-2019年植被绿化面积骤增，水体面积增加。从总体上看，植被绿化面积和水体面积均呈扩张趋势，景观格局趋于均匀化、规则化。在一定程度上体现了河长制推行下，大运河治理颇有成效，依此作为督察评估河长工作成效的数据支撑和依据，可量化，更具有客观性，是一种可行的方法。

The comparative evaluation method based on remote sensing based on temporal and spatial changes using factors such as vegetation area, water area and landscape pattern has been proposed. Through correction, fusion, mosaic and interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing image data, the changes of vegetation index, water body index and landscape pattern index were calculated, which objectively reflected the temporal and spatial changes of ecological environment protection and restoration, with low cost and strong timeliness. Based on the experimental results of the Beijing section of the core monitoring area of the Grand Canal, the vegetation area of the study area decreased and the water area increased from 2015 to 2017. From 2017 to 2019, the vegetation area and water area increased sharply. On the whole, both the vegetation area and the water area show an expanding trend, and the landscape pattern tends to be uniform and regular. To a certain extent, it reflects that the grand canal management is quite effective under the implementation of the river chief system. It is a feasible method that can be quantified and more objective as the data support and basis for inspectors to evaluate the river chief's work effectiveness.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(41801331)