水利工程是人类活动对洪水影响极其重要的因子之一，近些年随全国各地水利工程的大规模建设，其影响尤为明显与突出，且在不同地区对不同类型洪水具有不同的效果。通过对第二松花江丰满以上流域内各类型大、中、小、水利工程的基本运行资料进行调查分析，同时在按照《水文情报预报规范》进行洪水分类的基础上，通过统计方法推求出水利工程与不同洪水之间的影响规则，并将其转化为水利工程影响参数，嵌入到新安江模型中进行了场次洪水模拟，在满足预报精度要求的同时得到了水利工程对各类型洪水的影响程度。本研究为进一步探讨人类活动对洪水的影响提供了一个新的思路。

Water conservancy project is one of the most important factors of the impacts from human activities on the flood. With the large-scale construction of water conservancy engineering projects all over the country in recent years, its effects become more obvious and vary for different types of flood in different regions. In this paper, the basic operation data of large, medium, and small water conservancy projects in the upstream of Fengman of the second Songhua River Basin were analyzed. Based on the flood classification of “Standard of Hydrology Information Forecast”, the impact rules between water conservancy projects and different types of floods were determined by the statistical method, and they were converted into the impact parameters of water conservancy projects. These parameters were added into the Xinanjiang model of flood simulation, and the impact degrees of water conservancy projects on different types of flood were then obtained in consideration of the requirement of prediction precision. The research can provide a new idea for study the impacts of human activities on flood.

水利部公益性行业专项 （201001024）;国家自然科学基金（51109025）;教育部博士点基金（20100041120004）