[关键词]
[摘要]
为减少调压室工程量并保证引水系统安全高效运行, 提出了调压室内部布置多孔弹性膜方案, 以削减调压室 涌波幅度并使波动快速衰减。采用/ U0 型管水柱振荡模型进行物理试验对方案进行了验证, 得到了涌波削减效果 与多孔弹性膜的开孔面积成反比, 与布置层数成正比的规律。通过 CFD 数值仿真计算对调压室内部的流场特性进 行分析, 以阐释其消能效果的原理。研究表明, 布置多孔弹性膜扰动调压室内部的流场, 产生涡带、旋滚和绕流, 增 大水体波动时的水头损失, 使得调压室内水体能量得以耗散, 达到快速削减调压室涌波的效果。数值仿真计算结果 和物理模型试验具有较好的一致性。对于增加引用流量增效扩容的水电站, 设置多孔弹性膜可作为不重建引水发 电系统的改造方案。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In or der t o reduce the w ork amo unt of engineering and to facilitat e the safe and efficient operatio n o f the w ater diver2 sio n sy st em, a scheme of a por ous elastic membr ane inside the surg e tank w as proposed. This measure enabled to reduce the surg e amplitude and ra pidly damping w ater level fluctuatio ns. The "U"2shaped water co lumn o scillatio n model w as used for the physical model test. The results show ed that t he sur ge reduction effect was inversely pr oportional to the open area of the por ous elastic membr ane and was pr oportional to the number o f layers of po rous elastic membrane. In order to ex plain the mechanism of energ y dissipatio n effect, CFD numerical simulat ions w ere carried o ut to analyze the flow field char acteristics of the surg e t ank. The study show ed that the po ro us elastic membr ane was a rrang ed to distur b the flow field inside the surg e tank, g enerat ing vor2 tex , ro lling and flow , and incr easing t he head loss when the water fluctuated. Under the combined action, the energ y of the w ater in the surg e tank could be dissipated, and the surg e amplitude in the sur ge t ank could be quickly damped. T he results obtained by numerical simulatio n had g ood agr eement compar ed to the physical mo del. A po rous elastic membrane placed inside the surg e tank co uld be an o ption instead of the r eco nstr uction of the w ater conveyance system for the hy dr opow er stat ion in which the in2 stalled capacity could be increased by adding discharg e
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金( 51079051)