为掌握海河流域水库沉积物重金属污染状况和生态风险，本文通过收集已发表的文献数据。利用地积累指数法、潜在生态风险指数法分析了海河流域北部4座典型水库沉积物中6种重金属（As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn）的生态风险水平。并利用物种敏感性分布法开展了底栖生物的潜在生态风险（PAF）及联合潜在生态风险（msPAF）。研究结果表明：（1）沙河水库、密云水库和于桥水库生态风险水平较低，官厅水库生态风险水平中等。（2）不同重金属对底栖生物的累积概率污染物浓度(HC5)各不相同，由大到小依次为As（0.21mg/L）>Ni（0.071mg/L）>Cr（0.052mg/L）>Zn（0.05mg/L）>Cu（0.0063mg/L）>Pb（0.0051mg/L）。（3）沉积物中的重金属对于底栖生物的生存存在一定影响，会降低底栖生物物种丰度。研究结果增进了水库沉积物重金属生态风险研究，为水库水生态管理提供了思路。

In order to understand the heavy metal pollution status and ecological risk of reservoir sediments in The northern part of Haihe River Basin, this paper collected data from published literatures. The ecological risk levels of six heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in sediments of four typical reservoirs in the northern Haihe River Basin were analyzed by geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. The Potential Affected Fraction (PAF) and Multi-Substance PAF (MSPAF) of benthic organisms were studied by the method of species sensitive distribution. The results show that :(1) the ecological risk level of Shahe Reservoir, Miyun Reservoir and Yuqiao Reservoir is low, and the ecological risk level of Guanting Reservoir is medium. (2) HC5 (Hazardous Concentration for 5% of species) of different heavy metals on benthos were different, and the descending order was As (0.21mg/L) >Ni (0.071mg/L) > (0.052mg/L) > Zn (0.05 mg/L)>Cu (>063 mg/L)> Pb (0.> mg/L). (3) Heavy metals in sediments have a certain influence on the survival of benthic organisms, which will reduce the species abundance of benthic organisms. The research results enhance the ecological risk of heavy metals in reservoir sediments and provide ideas for ecological management of reservoir water.

河北省水利科学研究院中德国际合作项目