频繁发生的干旱灾害严重制约了淮河流域社会经济和农业的可持续快速发展。通过对淮河流域1949～2010年期间干旱灾害的统计分析，探讨了流域各县区不同季节旱灾发生频次和易旱季节分布，以及不同程度旱灾的发生频次和易旱地区分布，绘制了流域易旱季节分布图和易旱地区分布图。研究结果表明：淮河流域易发春夏旱、夏旱、夏秋旱和春旱，发生频次依次降低；流域易发中度干旱和轻度干旱，严重干旱和特大干旱发生频次相对较少。研究成果可为淮河流域旱情监测、预测及预警提供基础资料，为防旱抗旱减灾和粮食生产安全提供参考。

Drought is one of the major natural disasters in the Huaihe River Basin, which restricts the sustainable development of the society, economy, and agriculture. Based on the statistical analysis of the historical drought from 1949 to 2010 in the Huaihe River Basin, the drought frequencies in different seasons and drought season distribution, and the drought frequencies with different magnitudes and drought area distribution were determined for each county in the river basin. The distributions of drought season and drought area were plotted. The results showed that drought was prone to occur in spring-summer, summer, summer-autumn, and spring, and the drought frequencies in these seasons decreased. Moreover, moderate and mild droughts were prone to occur in the river basin, while the frequency of severe drought was low. The research results can provide the basic data for drought monitoring, forecasting, and early warning, and it can provide technical support for the drought mitigation and food safety in the Huaihe River Basin.

水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助（200901026；201101010）