[关键词]
[摘要]
针对北方地区河流环境流量短缺和污染并存的现状,在综合考虑水质保护与水量维持的情况下界定了河流环境流量的概念和内涵,并探讨不同功能目标下河流环境流量的组成。通过分析河流水系特征及河段的空间结构特征,建立了改善河流水质所需环境流量计算模型,同时建立了Tennant和湿周模型计算河流生态系统所需环境流量。利用临颍高村桥的水文水质数据,对清潩河为改善河流水质和生态系统所需环境流量进行了初步评价,为河流应急补水提供了调控建议,并提出了河道应常年保持的流量水平。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Considering the coexistence of environmental flow shortages and pollution problems of northern rivers, the concept and content of environmental flow were defined with consideration to water quality protection and water quantity maintenance. The composition of environmental flow under different functional goals was also discussed. By analyzing the characteristics of river systems and spatial structure features of river reaches, we established the environmental flow calculation model for improving water quality, and also established the Tennant and Wetted Perimeter models for calculating the environmental flow for river ecosystems. Using the hydrology and water quality data of Gaocun Bridge section, we conducted a preliminary evaluation of the environmental flow for improving the water quality and ecosystem of Qingyi River. This study provided flow regulatory advice for the emergency replenishment of water, and suggested the river flow levels that should be maintained constantly in different months of a year.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07204-002)