[关键词]
[摘要]
为克服传统河流水质评价方法结果失真、水质标准均化和主观任意性影响较大等缺点,本文选取2014-2016年大清河14个监测断面8个评价指标,运用改进模糊数学法与单因子评价法相结合的方法,进行水环境综合质量评价。结果显示,2014年及2015年不符合GB3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》中V类功能区标准的断面为新盖房、望亭、码头、焦庄及安州断面,占该年监测断面的35.7%;2016年不符合标准的断面为码头断面,占该年监测断面的7.14%。其中,氨氮和总磷为监测断面的主要污染因子,氨氮平均超标6.78倍,总磷平均超标3.51倍。本文利用各级水质标准上下限的中间值作为评价标准,改进的模糊数学评价模型更具区分度,河流水环境质量评价结果更为准确可靠,可为流域水污染控制提供科学依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
To overcome the shortcomings of results distortion, water quality standard homogenization, and subjective arbitrariness caused by the traditional river water quality assessment methods, the improved fuzzy mathematics method combined with single factor evaluation was used to evaluate water environment quality using 8 evaluation indexes of 14 monitoring sections of Daqing River from 2014 to 2016. The results showed that the water qualities of the sections Xingaifang, Wangting, Matou, Jiaozhuang and Anzhou in 2014 and 2015, and the Matou section in 2016 were higher than the Grade V water criteria of the GB3838‐2002 water quality standard. Among them, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were the dominating contamination factor in the study area. The improved fuzzy mathematics method can accurately obtain the water environment quality assessment results of rivers with poor water quality and its main pollution factors, which could provide a scientific basis for water pollution control.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
2019年北京高等学校高水平人才交叉培养“实培计划”项目